Overview
The dorsal scapular nerve supplies the rhomboid muscles and commonly contributes to levator scapulae. These muscles help position the shoulder blade.
Origin and Course
It usually branches from the C5 nerve root, often passing through the middle scalene muscle before travelling along the medial border of the scapula.
Function
Through the rhomboids, it helps retract and control the scapula. Its contribution to levator scapulae supports elevation and downward rotation.
Common Injuries
Irritation is uncommon but may follow traction, repetitive overhead use or entrapment near the scalene muscles.
Pain and Weakness Patterns
Possible symptoms include aching along the inner shoulder blade, weakness of scapular retraction and subtle winging. These findings overlap with neck, muscle and other nerve problems.
Clinical Relevance
Diagnosis requires more than locating pain beside the scapula. A clinician may assess the neck, shoulder blade control, strength, sensation and nerve function.
Related Anatomy
References
- Muir B. Dorsal scapular nerve neuropathy: a narrative review of the literature. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2017;61(2):128-144.
- Standring S, ed. Gray's Anatomy. 42nd ed. Elsevier; 2020.